Dry herbs in garam masala lose potency and flavour after some time. Most such fresh whole herbs (e.g. Cardamom, Cinnamon, Cloves) do not lose flavour even for years if kept in an airtight container. The aroma of masala found in powdered form evaporates if left in open and exposed to air for long.
As a general rule, dry herbs remain fresh for about 4 years. If you keep garam masala for long, it may not taste bad (and will not cause any harm to eat), but it will lose the freshness and flavour.
Masala contains a complex blend of spices with a unique fragrance. It can impart rich savours, sometimes give nostalgic earthy zests or sweet textures, and is indispensable in most Asian culinary applications. These herbs are rich in essential oils, and some have unique medicinal properties.
Their bouquets enhance the scrumptiousness of the meal. The potency, speck, texture, and flavour of any garam masala powder depend on the proportion of herbs used in the composition. The storage techniques influence the quality. The composition may stay fresh longer when optimal storage approaches extend the shelf life and ensure the spices retain their robustness.
The potency of herbal composition enhances the taste of culinary creations. Garam masala is often added at the end of the cooking process to allow the dish to retain its aromatic profile. It is not added to fuming oil or heated vessels directly to control the burning of essential compounds.
Garam masala can be used as a marinade for meat or vegetables to obtain distinctive flavours. Their uses are tailored to regional cuisines. For example, warming spices like cinnamon and cardamom are extensively used in North Indian recipes, and star anise, tamarind, stone flower, and black pepper are widely used in South Indian recipes.
The versatility of Indian culinary practices allows the chef to manage the depth and warmth of many dishes using different combinations of spices. The proportion of each spice depends on various criteria, e.g. local culinary practices, the type of dish, or personal preferences.
For instance, one may use less clove or peppercorn to keep the flavour less aromatic or add extra cinnamon to get a unique sweet tang; however, the herbs used in each composition of the masala must be compatible.
A blend of garam masala includes cumin seeds that add a warm, earthy flavour, coriander seeds which are citrusy sweet, black peppercorn that provides sharp, penetrating spiciness, green cardamom having a sweet floral aroma, cloves presenting a strong, sweet and pungent flavour and cinnamon having woody sweet taste.
The dry masala is toasted and finely ground with other spices such as nutmeg, mace, star anise, bay leaves, allspice, fennel seeds and many more, each having a unique texture and flavour.
The aroma is linked to the freshness and quality of the herb. Freshly picked herbs have a strong aroma, and as they age, the aroma declines.
The herbs can be categorised by freshness. Most fresh ones are 0-6 months old and have peak aromas and full flavours.
The spices can be used for one year, but after six months, the flavour starts declining, and after a year, a noticeable loss of aromatic oil can be seen.
Masala powders older than two years have greatly diminished taste, though they are not considered harmful to consume.
Powdered masala exposed to environmental factors can quickly lose aroma and flavour. Hence, many keep whole spices that can be blended in a perfect ratio using a spice grinder at the time of cooking to get personalised tastes.
The shelf life of a garam masala can be approximately six months to one year, depending on its composition and storage method. Spices kept for over a year may begin to have diminished flavour, affecting the added dishes' taste.
One can retain the freshness of herbs, but the masala should be kept in an airtight container, and exposure to air or sunlight must be avoided to control accelerated degradation of the essential oils and aroma.
Storing garam masala in dark places is essential to preserve its flavours because direct exposure to light can lead to the evaporation of intense flavours over time, and the herbs may taste bland and less flavourful. It is still safe to consume, but you must add a lot of masala to food to get some flavour.
Indian garam masala powder contains a combination of some aromatic herbs like clove and cinnamon and dried plant parts such as turmeric, garlic, ginger, fennel seeds, tamarind, raw mango powder, mustard seeds, fenugreek, star anise, bay leaves, Malabar leaves and dried red chillies and much more.
A typical garam masala contains spices that can add warmth, a unique earthy flavour, and a floral appetizingness. The chosen spices are evaluated using various methods to get the right proportion of each herb, and the grinding process starts with sautéing the herbs in the pan at slow heat because high heat can burn the aromatic oils in the ingredients.
Herbs like coriander seeds, cumin seeds, cardamom pods, cloves, and other whole spices are added to a dry pan. The spices are toasted and stirred frequently to form a fragrant mixture. The ingredients are then cooled before grinding into fine powder. The powder is then stored in an airtight jar in a cool, dark place to retain the freshness for at least three to six months of the ground spice blend.
When selecting the component of garam masala, one should ensure that the spice blend is fresh and aromatic and imparts a warming and palatable flavour to the dishes. The mix of herbs can be added to various dishes, such as lentils, vegetables, and meats. The masala provides a warming, complex aroma and is often added at the end of cooking to build deep flavours.
The common ingredients in garam masala are cinnamon, cumin seeds, whole black peppercorns, green and black cardamom, cinnamon sticks, bay leaves, mace, star anise and whole cloves that are rich in antioxidants with phenolic compounds.
The ingredients do not contribute to the iron intake, sugar, or saturated fat. However, the aromatic mix can provide delectable properties and health benefits due to the presence of antioxidants rather than the nutritional content. Various nutritional benefits of garam masala can be incorporated into dishes to enhance the daily nutrient values of the meal.
Many supermarkets provide generic curry powders that contain ingredients found in garam masala in small quantities. Instead of getting generic masala, you can get specific masalas like tikka masala, biriyani masala, and specific garam masala powders for various dishes. An interesting blend of herbs adds a lot more flavour to the dishes.
You can purchase whole spices and grind toasted herbs at home to retain maximum potency. Search for a reputed supplier of whole Garam masala near me to get the ones that remain fresher. You can search for high-quality spices from Indian markets.
Spices have the best by date, and if you are still using the species that have passed the peak freshness, you see a lack of aroma in the dishes when you add these spices, especially if you use ground spices that oxidise quickly through the large surface area.
Still, if stored properly and kept in airtight containers, the spices can hold the flavours for up to three years. They are shelf stable and often do not have expiration dates because you do not feel sick by eating expired paprika or Cajun spice. Herbs kept for a long in kitchen cabinets lose their flavour due to constant exposure to heat or moisture from various cooking processes.
Long masala is the powder of laung or cloves (buds of Syzygium aromaticum). The buds turn pink and are dried into brown aromatic herbs. The Long masala powder is added to Indian recipes such as biriyanis and curries and has a strong, sweet, warm, and bitter flavour. It can also be added to cakes and desserts.
Curry powder contains chilli and turmeric but not cardamom or cloves. It will not expire in the way that makes you sick when you consume it.
So does curry powder expire? It can expire in the sense that it loses potency. Its presence in the recipe does not add value, and you get no difference in savoriness, delight or fragrance..
Some basic rules used to determine - How long do spices last?
Though it can have a complex profile, curry powder contains turmeric and ginger. Earthy, slightly sweet herbs like cumin and coriander, combined with ginger, turmeric, and nutmeg, give the mix floral notes. Depending on the ingredients used in preparing the curry powder, the shelf life of the mix can be determined. Most curry blends last for four to eight months.
It is advised to buy in small quantities or use your own set of spices every time in dishes to get the ambrosial experience; however, if your species are well past the expiration date, you can still use them but will have to add more in quantity especially if the flavours are getting muted.
It is rare for the spices to go bad. Chili powder or paprika lasts anywhere from six months to three years, depending on the herb's quality and the storage method.
Crushing your spices and getting a finer consistency whenever required is nice, but dry herbs can go bad when not stored properly. They do not degrade like fresh greens, milk or meat, but their exquisiteness, texture, and colour will not last forever. So you must always buy herbs in small quantities.
Check for lost freshness, shake the mason jar and see if there are lumps, or place the powder on your palm and crush it to check if it has any aroma. No aroma shows the essential oils have evaporated, and the spices have gone bad. The colour of species fades away when stored for a long or exposed to light (kept in sunlight), and in the case of certain herbs, the taste can get sour or bitter.
Roughly, cinnamon sticks can last for four to five years. The spices can definitely last longer, but they will start to degrade after an extended period, which means they will not carry as much flavour as when they were only three months old.
Whole spices may last longer than ground spices due to less surface area being exposed to the environment, causing degradation. Freshly ground masala has an intense aroma and flavours, which can remain intact for almost six months when stored properly in an airtight container. Spices stored in metal jars or glass containers with tightly sealed lids can preserve their value for a long, but it is necessary to dry the container completely.
The composition must not come in contact with moisture or rust, hazardous environmental conditions or something that can lead to mould growth, spoilage and evaporation of essential oils. The spices must not be kept in places exposed to steam or humidity.
It is best to store the spices in cool, dry, dark places away from sunlight or heat sources.
In general, the species are categorised into Asian apices (ginger, star anise and others), Indian spices ( cardamom, turmeric, Garam masala and much more), Mexican spices( e.g. oregano, chile ), Mediterranean ( e.g. rosemary, sage ) and others. The general rule to ensure freshness of garam masala -
Some manufacturers use anti-caking agents to preserve the freshness. Caking is caused by moisture, and the additives repel water to prevent it from clumping together.
Not all brands use anti-caking agents( Silicon dioxide)(it is considered safe for human consumption).
High-quality spices have a unique blend of authentic herbs. Coriander, cumin, cinnamon, and cardamom have warming properties and are rich in savour. High-quality garam masala has a strong and fresh predilection, vibrant hues, and fine texture free of clumps. The spices that expire have no tang, and you do not see any change in the savoriness of the dish when you add them; it can simply be dull, tasteless, or flat.
Cloves are rich in manganese and antioxidants and are the most enigmatic species that add a sweet, pungent flavour due to the presence of certain complex essential oils. Whole spices, like cloves, have an inherently stronger flavour, and they can last longer than ground versions (up to almost 4-5 years), but they gradually lose their flavour over time. It is advised to keep the herbs in a dry, airtight container out of the reach of light and heat.
The intensity of the aroma determines the freshness, and the texture must be fine and consistent. You should not see the clumping, which shows exposure to moisture. The absence of a robust aroma and the change in colour and texture of the masala indicate staleness.
It can be hard to discard old spices, especially when you have so much left. Heat the spices in a dry skillet and toast without burning to revive the umami. Once the flavoursomeness is revitalised, cool the powder and keep it in an airtight container to use in various recipes.